EFFECT OF BISPHENOL A ON CORPUS EPIDIDYMIS AND CHROMOSOMAL PATTERN OF ADULT RATS

Abstract

Introduction: The epididymis is a male accessory organ essential for male
fertility. The biochemical and physiological consequences of genotoxicity
which are of most concern are the effects on the reproductive health.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used in the production of polycarbonate
plastics and epoxy resins. It is present in food and drink packages. It is
considered an endocrine disrupting factor due to is estrogenic properties.
Aim of the Work: The study aimed to demonstrate the possible changes in
the corpus epididymis structure and chromosomal pattern following
administration of BPA.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six adult male albino rats were used; and
divided into three groups: Group Ι (control); each rat received 1mL corn oil
once daily. Group ΙІ (BPA treated); each rat was given BPA in corn oil in a
dose of 50 mg/kg orally once daily for 8 weeks. Group ΙΙІ (follow-up); the
rats of this group were given the same dose for the same duration as group
ΙІ then held for another 4 weeks without BPA administration. At the end of
experimental period, blood was collected for serum testosterone
assessment. Histological and immunohistochemical investigations were
done on epididymis; and the femoral bone was used for cytogenetic
studies.
Results: Light microscopic examination of corpus epididymis in treated
group revealed wide intercellular and intertubular spaces with
inflammatory infiltration and blood vessels congestion. The tubules were
empty or filled with cellular debris. The epithelial lining showed
vaculation, darkly stained nuclei and stratification. The abnormal sperm
forms and both the structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations were
significantly increased. These parameters were improved in follow-up
group but not reached the levels of control one.
Conclusion: BPA administration could induce histopathological changes
in corpus epididymis associated with genotoxic effects. These changes
were partially reversible after stoppage of administration.
Key words: Bisphenol A; Corpus epididymis; Epididymal sperm; Chromosomal
aberration